APPENDIX A

 

November 25, 1998

 

 

THE FREDERICK HORSMAN VARLEY ART GALLERY OF MARKHAM

 

CURRENT

COLLECTION AND EXHIBTION MANAGEMENT

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

I           COLLECTIONS

 

I.1        Definitions

I.2        Collection Mandate

I.3        Collection Development Strategy

I.4        Responsibility

I.5        Purpose

I.6        Scope of Collection

I.7        Collection Categories

I.8        Loans

I.9        Acquisitions/Deaccessions

I.10      Ethics

I.11      Documentation

I.12      Security

I.13      Conservation

I.14      Restoration

 

II         EXHIBITIONS

 

II.1      Display

II.2      Permanent Exhibitions

II.3      Temporary Exhibitions

II.4      Solo Exhibitions

II.5      Interpretation

           
COLLECTION
MISSION

The Frederick Horsman Varley Art Gallery of Markham (hereafter referred to as The Varley Art Gallery, or Gallery) holds in public trust the Kathleen Gormley McKay donation and any other works accepted into the collection in accordance with this Policy and the Collection Development Strategy, as a way of keeping the spirit of F.H. Varley alive in Markham and relevant as a significant contributor to Canada’s cultural heritage.

 

 

 

I        COLLECTIONS

 

1.1          The Frederick Horsman Varley Art Gallery of Markham (hereafter referred to as the Varley Art Gallery or Gallery.  Varley-McKay Art Foundation hereafter referred to as the Art Gallery Board or Board.

 

 

I.2        COLLECTION MANDATE

The Varley Art Gallery may accept donations or otherwise acquire works by F.H. Varley, library and archival materials pertaining to his art, works by artists who influenced Varley and/or were influenced by him, and other works by Canadian artists, provided they are of outstanding quality.  Exhibitions and supporting programs must complement this Collection Mandate.

 

 

I.3        COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

There are four descending levels of priority in the Collection Development Strategy for The Varley Art Gallery:

1.     Works by F.H. Varley

2.     Varley study materials

3.     Artists who influenced Varley and/or were influenced by him

4.     Other artists with nationally established Canadian reputations

 

 

1.3.1    Works by F.H. Varley

Strengthening the Varley collection through donation or purchase is the highest priority for the Gallery’s Collection Development Strategy.  Works may become available through the following sources:

 

·        Private Corporate Collections

·        Individual Private Collections

·        Museums and Galleries (most likely as works “on deposit”)

·        Auctions

 


1.3.2       Varley Study Materials

As a second priority, while original and archival material will be sought wherever possible, the Gallery will gather copies of Varley-related archival material for study purposes, develop a photographic and slide collection of Varley works, and automate the Varley Inventory and other data, in order to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the artist’s work, while giving the Gallery in Markham a particular distinction.

 

1.3.3       Artists Who Influenced Varley and / or were Influenced by Him

As a third priority, the Gallery will seek donations and acquisition funds to develop an international art collection of influences on Varley (i.e. Chinese and Buddhist art), and of artists influenced by him (i.e. his students).

 

1.3.4       Other Artists with Nationally Established Canadians Reputations

The fourth priority is assigned to unrelated Canadian works of art, contemporary or historical, by established artists that have held exhibitions in or whose works are collected by public art institutions in the country.

 

 

I.4           RESPONSIBILITY

              

I.4.1        The Gallery undertakes the responsibility within its budget limitations to develop and maintain records of all works of art collected, to provide conditions for their security and indefinite preservation, to provide physical, financial and staff resources for their study and enjoyment by the general public, by scholars, and to interpret their significance through exhibitions, education programs, publications, broadcasts, demonstrations and other means.

 

I.4.2        A Program Committee and Acquisitions Sub-Committee exist as committees of the Gallery Board and meet at least four times annually.  Gallery Board members serve as Chairs for each of these committees.  These committees are responsible for acting on behalf of the Gallery Board in an advisory and supportive role with the Director and staff to plan, execute and evaluate the public programmes and policies of the Gallery, especially in relation to collections and exhibition management. 

 

1.4.3    The Gallery maintains copyright for the Varley Estate and therefore acts as the governing body in issuing permission to reproduce images by F.H. Varley until such time as his work becomes part of the public domain (in the year 2019).  

 

 

 

1.5          PURPOSE

All works of art in the collection should be acquired for, and classified according to, one of three purposes:

 

a)            Display Collection: acquired for presentation in exhibitions, within the limits of professional consideration for their preservation.

 

b)            Study Collection: acquired and preserved for research or comparative examination.

 

c)            Reserve Collection: although given reasonable care, not intended for indefinite preservation:

·        Objects (not normally works of art) acquired for hands-on use in; Interactive or other demonstrations;

·        Works in condition beyond cost-effective restoration;

·        Works placed on deposit from other Museums, Galleries or agencies that cannot donate them due to their own Collection Policies;

·        And works pending deaccessioning.

 

I.6           SCOPE OF COLLECTION

 

I.6.1        Works of art may be any media, and may include: paintings, sculpture, crafts, graphics, etc.

              

I.6.2        Curatorial expertise should be representative of all relevant disciplines, with volunteer or part-time assistance, or persons seconded from higher institutions, if needed in order to provide expertise in all areas.

 

I.6.3        The art historical range of the collection is not to be Canadian only, or even Western art only, but may include, for instance, Chinese landscapes and Buddhist art related to Varley’s interests.

 

 

1.7          CATEGORIES

 

I.7.1        Three categories of objects will appear in the Gallery Catalogue:

·       Works of Art

·       Archival Material

·       Library Material

 

I.7.2        The Gallery maintains a separately catalogued Reference Library for research publications related to the collections.

 

I.7.3        Apparatus (models, reproductions, interactive exhibitions, etc.) is kept on inventory for stock-taking purposes, but is not normally be catalogued.

 

1.8          LOANS

All loans (either incoming or outgoing) must be approved by the Acquisitions Sub-Committee, be for a fixed time and be accompanied by documentation (see Appendices):

 

Appendix A: Incoming Loan Agreement

Appendix B: Outgoing Loan Agreement

Appendix C: Traffic Receipt  

Appendix D: Condition Report Form

 

1.8.1       Incoming Loans

 

Incoming loans must be accompanied by an Incoming Loan Agreement form initiated by the Director and signed by both parties to the loan in triplicate (one copy to be retained by lender and two copies to be retained by The Varley Art Gallery).  A Traffic Receipt form must be prepared and signed by The Varley Art Gallery and counter-signed by the art shipper in duplicate (one copy to be retained by each party) at the time the work is handed to The Varley Art Gallery to confirm receipt.  Upon receipt, an internal Condition Report form must be completed to document the condition of the work upon receipt.  The Director reports loans of significant value to the Gallery Board on an informational basis and notifies the Town Clerk’s Department in advance to arrange for adequate insurance coverage of all incoming work.

 

1.8.2       Outgoing Loans

Outgoing loans of the Gallery collection must be approved by the Director and only if the borrower can satisfy environmental, security and transportation conditions that are equivalent to that of The Varley Art Gallery.  Outgoing loans must be accompanied by an Outgoing Loan Agreement form initiated by the Director and signed by both parties to the loan in triplicate (two copies to be retained by The Varley Art Gallery and one copy to be retained by the borrower). A Traffic Receipt form must be prepared and signed by The Varley Art Gallery and counter-signed by the art shipper in duplicate (one copy to be retained by each party) at the time the work is handed to the borrower to confirm receipt.  A Condition Report form completed in-house by The Varley Art Gallery must accompany the work to document the condition of the work prior to travel.  The Director reports loans to the Gallery Board on an informational basis and notifies the Town Clerk’s Department in advance for insurance tracking of the outgoing work from the collection. 

 

 

1.9          ACQUISITIONS/DEACCESSIONS

The Varley Art Gallery strives to enhance the collection holdings in both quality and quantity whenever feasible.   The Acquisitions Sub-Committee of the Gallery Board is responsible for assisting the Director in administering the Collection Development Strategy and methodology.  The Gallery collection may be developed by means of:

 

1.     Acquisitions

·        Gifts/Donations

·        Purchases

2.     Deposits

3.     Deaccessions

 

1.9.1       Acquisitions

 

Curatorial recommendations for acquisitions should refer to the following criteria:

 

·        Aesthetic Quality:  referring not only to craftsmanship or style, but also to the communication of visual meaning in a piece.

·        Art Historical Significance:  in relation to studio furnishings in the collection; here the criterion is not exceptional quality, but rather a    representative character, or the exceptional character due to association with the artist.

·        Title:  the Director must ensure that the item is free of dispute over ownership, liens or estate disputation, and national and international moral or legal issues.

·        Provenance:  all available information should be recorded about the proposed acquisition at the time of its consideration, including a detailed and dated provenance sequence, if possible.

·        Condition:  the Gallery aims only to acquire works of art for which it can provide adequate care, and which are in or can readily be put in condition adequate to the display or study purposes of their acquisition.  At the time an acquisition is being recommended, its condition should be reviewed and rejection should be recommended for work that requires extensive treatment beyond cost-effective restoration unless the Acquisitions Sub-Committee feels that the object in question warrants acceptance.  This criterion does not apply to the Reserve Collection, particularly for items intended for hands-on programmes. 

 

1.9.1.1    Gifts/Donations

 

1.           All submissions are made to the Director, who presents the work to the Acquisitions Sub-Committee.

2.           The Work is borrowed and brought before the Acquisitions Sub-Committee once a Loan Agreement has been completed.

3.           The Director and Acquisitions Sub-Committee review the work and provide a recommendation for approval.

4.            On approval of the Sub-Committee the work is presented to The Frederick Horsman Varley Art Gallery Board (“Art Gallery Board”) for their approval.

5.            Once the Art Gallery Board approves the Gift/Donation, then a report recommending final approval is presented to the Foundation Board.

6.            A deed of Gift form transferring ownership of the work to the Town of Markham on behalf of The Varley Art Gallery is completed by the Director (Appendix E).

7.            The Director initiates appraisals of the work to assess fair market value for tax receipt purposes. 

8.            The cost of appraisals is usually the responsibility of the donor.  Previous appraisals may be accepted with appropriate documentation.

9.            For items of “outstanding significance and national importance” application may be made for certification of Cultural Property for Income Tax Purposes.  A tax receipt is issued by the Town of Markham’s Finance Department once all appropriate documentation has been finalized (including Cultural Properties Export Review Board, if requested; for bequests, legal correspondence is required).

10.        Photographs of all works are to be made for insurance verification and educational purposes.

11.        Correspondence to the donor is forwarded by the Chair of the Art Gallery Board.

12.        The Director notifies the Town Clerk’s Department of the acquisition to ensure insurance coverage.

13.        An annual report is submitted to Council detailing acquisitions received within the fiscal year.

 

1.9.1.2    Purchases

   1-5 (See Gifts/Donations)

   6.   Appraisals are completed at the Gallery’s expense if they are necessary.

   7.   The Director records the purchase and documentation of transfer of ownership.

   8.   Photographs of all works are to be made for insurance verification and educational purposes.

   9.   The Director notifies the Town Clerk’s Department of the purchase to ensure insurance coverage.

   10. An annual report is submitted to Council detailing acquisitions received within the fiscal year.

 

1.9.2       Deposits (Inter-Museum Loans)

               Long-term Deposits can be accepted by The Varley Art Gallery through an extended loan.

 


                                                                                                                                                          

1.9.3             Deaccessions

               The deaccession process is subject to Cultural Properties guidelines and the Kathleen Gormley McKay Agreement with the Town.  Should the Gallery consider deaccessioning works, the following procedure applies.

 

1.      The Director initiates the deaccession based on the work falling under one of the following criteria:

·        outside Gallery’s Collection Mandate

·        spurious identification, attribution or provenance

·        deterioration beyond cost-effective restoration

·        inferior to and not distinct from several better examples

 

2.        Disposal of works in order of priority, should be:

 

·        By offer of gift or exchange to another appropriate exhibiting or research institution in York Region; failing that, in Ontario; failing that in Canada; failing that elsewhere.

·        By auction, not on the Gallery premises, and only if accompanied by an explicit statement on all promotional and catalogue publications stating that the over-all commitment of the Gallery to preservation of its collections, and the specific reason for which the sale items are being deaccessioned.

·        By documented destruction.

·        Outstanding works of art, and works for which tax exemptions        have been allowed, may be placed by the Director and the Acquisitions Sub-Committee on a list of objects that can never be considered for deaccessioning.

 

3.        The Director and Acquisitions Sub-Committee review the work and provide a recommendation for approval.

4.        On approval of the Acquisitions Sub-Committee, the work is presented to the Art Gallery Board for approval.

5.              If the Art Gallery Board recommends approval by a two-thirds majority then a report recommending final approval is presented to the Foundation Board.

6.        Certified cultural property cannot be deaccessioned or disposed of for a minimum of 10 years, according to guidelines specified by the Cultural Properties Export Review Board.

7.        All records of deaccessioned works will be retained indefinitely.

8.        Any funds derived from the sale of deaccessioned works can be used only for the purchase of other objects for the collection and never for Gallery operations.

9.        The Director will strive to notify relevant descendants of art donors of deaccessions, and in consultation with the same people, inform them of the Gallery’s intention to purchase similar objects with funds acquired through the deaccessioned work and label them accordingly.

 

 

I.10       ETHICS

 

I.10.1    The Gallery will not collect in violation of the laws of Canada, the Town of Markham’s Conflict of Interest Policy, UNESCO Conventions, Treaties or other international agreements to which Canada is signatory.

 

I.10. 2   No member of staff nor of the Art Gallery Board, Sub-Committees of the Art Gallery Board or the Foundation Board shall enter into direct competition with the Gallery by bidding or entering into the market for items which the Gallery wishes to acquire.

 

I.11       DOCUMENTATION

 

I.11.1    The Director is responsible for ensuring that all acquisitions are entered in documentation files, on paper where necessary, but on computer files wherever possible.  Files include:

 

a)               Temporary receipt, if any

b)               Donor’s Gift Agreement form or bill of sale

c)               Condition Reports, dated and signed on acquisition and before and after each loan

d)               Artists’ biographies

e)               Documentation on provenance

f)                 Photograph, print and negative stored separately (and one stored off premises)

g)               Loan Agreement forms

h)               Computerized master catalogue database (and one stored off premises)

 

I.11.2      Catalogue numbers are placed in a consistent inconspicuous place on the back of the support of 2-dimensional works, or on or under the base of 3-dimensional works, with non-corrosive indelible marking material.

 

I.11.3      An inventory of the collection will be taken annually, as part of an annual report on Collections Development, with recommendations for acquisition priorities; the inventory includes insurance valuations, and recommendations for updating where needed.

 

I.12      SECURITY AND DISASTER

 

            The Gallery’s Security and Disaster policy addresses four major issues that are incorporated into the Gallery’s Security and Emergency Plan:

 

1.            Health and Safety

2.            Risk Management

3.            Insurance

4.            Security Equipment

 

I.12.1      Health and Safety

 

               The personal health and safety of the Gallery’s visitors is of paramount concern, followed closely by that of staff and other users.

 

I.12.2      Risk Management

 

I.12.2.1   Collections may be exposed to the dangers of fire, water, wind, theft, vandalism, handling by staff or public, and other risks.  The Director assigns recovery prioritization to the collection.  Objects of high priority are red-tagged for easy identification and retrieval.  Relocation of objects may be necessary.

 

I.12.2.2   A Disaster Response Team identifies the persons responsible for responding to such emergency situations with the following roles:

 

·        Director:  Spokesperson for the Gallery, salvage of administrative files, liaison with emergency personnel, release building to emergency personnel, signing authority, contact other personnel as required.

·        Gallery Technician:  Assumes role of Director in his/her absence; otherwise, assesses impact of emergency on collection, provides assistance to the fire department regarding physical plant, contacts specialists if necessary, directs safe transport of salvaged works to secure area, contacts additional personnel as required.

·        Fire Department Representative:  Assesses impact of emergency to building and contents, secures building for Disaster Response Team.

·        Consulting Conservator:  Assesses collection for emergency stabilization and emergency treatment.

 

I.12.3      Insurance

 

I.12.3.1   The Clerk’s Department, Corporation of the Town of Markham, administers both building and collection insurance for the Gallery.

 

I.12.3.2   The Director is responsible for ensuring that insurance values for the collection is updated every three years.  A record of these values is kept at the Gallery as well as the Town Clerk’s Department.

 


I.12.3.3   Collection insurance includes a “nail-to-nail” rider for loans outside the building, provided that the recipient and transport are approved by the Director; this must be transferable to incoming loans for exhibitions, with notification of the insurer only above an agreed amount.

 

I.12.4      Security Equipment

               Security equipment on-site at the Gallery will be subject to regular performance checks and includes:

 

·        closed-circuit television cameras for all entrances, collection/storage areas, public areas

·        electronic intrusion alarm system linked to a surveillance company

·        smoke detectors, fire extinguishers, and sprinkler system

 

I.13         CONSERVATION

The preservation of the Gallery’s collection is ensured by providing the best possible physical environment, preventative maintenance and conservation plan.

 

I.13.1      The environmental systems are controlled electronically and information from all collection areas are monitored around the clock.  Hygrothermographs are strategically placed in all relevant collection areas to permit immediate monitoring of environmental conditions.  Temperatures within the collection, exhibition and preparation areas are maintained at 21 degrees plus or minus 1 degree.  Electronic humidifiers maintain these areas at 48% plus or minus 2%.  A psychrometer is used to monitor RH levels.

 

I.13.2      The Gallery’s air-conditioning circulation and filtration system is capable of removing 85% of particles larger than 1 micron, with make up air maintained at no more than 10%.

·        The exhibition preparation area and loading area is adequately ventilated and provided with air circulation and filtration.

·        All floor surfaces are sealed and carpets are of low loop, tight industrial    weave.

 

I.13.3      The Gallery protects its collection from ultra-violet radiation.   A lux meter is used to monitor light levels.

·        Lighting levels must not exceed 50 lux for works on paper and 150 lux for            paintings.

·        Lighting in the galleries consists of incandescent track lighting.   Light levels are maintained with the use of a dimmer rack and the proper placement of lamps.

·        Lighting in non-gallery areas consists of incandescent lights and ultra-violet reducing sleeves on fluorescent tubes.

·        Windows in the gallery areas have ultra-violet reducing sun shades.

 

I.13.4      A pest management program is maintained to eliminate any risk to the collection as a result of insect and vermin.

 

I.13.5      An Emergency Disaster Plan is implemented for the care of artifacts in the event of physical emergencies such as fire, flood, water damage, theft, vandalism, smoke, explosion, public violence, structural failure, power failure and accidents.

·        An Emergency Disaster Team meets quarterly to discuss issues and recent            developments.

·        An emergency work area is designated.

·        All staff and volunteers receive an initial orientation and any new updates   to these emergency procedures.

 

I.13.6      Adequate collection storage and exhibition preparation areas are maintained so that works can be uncrated and brought into the galleries for installation.

 

·        The collection storage and exhibition preparation areas are kept clean and orderly. The storage area is used only for the safe keeping of the Gallery’s collection and of borrowed works.

·        The collection storage area consists of a textile storage rack, moveable vertical hanging racks for framed works, flat storage units with acid-free tissue for unframed works and a large locking cabinet lined with etha foam for small three dimensional works.

·        Access to the exhibition preparation area and collection storage is restricted to qualified personnel staff.

 

I.13.7      Staff is experienced and trained in the care and handling of works and artifacts.  Gloves, dollies, carts and acid free-packing are utilized in the safe handling and transportation of art and artifacts.

·        Where training is required, the Gallery endeavours to provide support for staff in outside training programs.

 

I.13.9      All objects from the collection, whether owned or borrowed, are correctly documented and labeled with respect to ownership.  Incoming/outgoing and daily Condition Reports are kept current including required conservation treatments.

·        Condition Reports are maintained as part of the catalogue system and updated whenever objects are used for new displays or loaned to other institutions.

·        The exhibition preparation area is designated as the documentation area. The works remain isolated in this area and are documented and monitored for pest control.

 

I.13.10    The Gallery ensures that all artifacts borrowed from other institutions are protected from damage in transit and while on display.

 

I.13.11    The Director is responsible for determining conservation priorities and the nature and extent of conservation to be carried out.

 

I.13.12    Exhibition of an item in the collection must never take precedence over its preservation. The decision to display must always be taken by the Director.

 

 

I.14         RESTORATION

Active restoration of the Gallery’s collection is contracted to professional conservators only.  Only routine cleaning and frame repairs can be undertaken in-house.

 

I.14.1      The services of qualified professional conservators are sought when treatment is required. All restoration activities must be under the supervision of a professional.  

·        The gallery in commissioning restoration endeavors to minimize replacements of materials, and retain as much of the original as possible.

·        Replaced materials must be honestly shown as such.

·        Any restoration must not be detrimental to the conservation of the object, and in case of conflict, conservation takes precedence over restoration.

·        All restoration activity must be initiated and controlled with reference to a concrete plan of work approved by the Director which includes a complete review of all known catalogue information about the object, analysis of alternatives for its restoration and a reasoned recommendation which most respects the principle of this policy, and a detailed step-by-step procedure, including a precise specification of all materials, sources and costs, a timetable and identification of all those who are to carry out the work.  After completion, a full report including this plan will be kept on file with   the catalogue entry for that object. 

 

 

II.        EXHIBITIONS

 

II.1         DISPLAY

 

II.1.1      The Varley Art Gallery is committed to displaying as wide a range of its collections and borrowed works as possible.

 

II.1.2      Conservation and security considerations take precedence in determining the content of all exhibitions.

 

II.1.3      Display methods must guarantee the reasonable security of the works of art from theft or damage.  Adequate staff and display equipment is to be provided to ensure this criterion.

 

II.1.4      Works of art selected for exhibition must be able to endure the mounting, lighting and environmental conditions without endangering the on-going condition of the object.

 

II.1.5      Works of art will be exposed to light levels following guidelines specified by the Canadian Conservation Institute.

 

II.1.6      The Director has responsibility for deciding whether and for how long objects may be placed on exhibition.

 

II.1.7      Outdoor displays will be offered only if adequate security and conservation conditions can be provided.

 

II.1.8      Gallery exhibitions must have clear objectives enunciated in the planning or proposal for them; must be supported by adequate research either undertaken or supervised by the Director; and must be mounted or displayed in accordance with professional gallery display practices.

 

II.1.9      The Kathleen Gormley McKay Art Centre, an adjunct facility that complements the Gallery is designated as a venue to support community artists.  Exhibitions at this site need not be curated.  The space may be rented to arts organizations or individual artists.

 

 

II.2         PERMANENT EXHIBITIONS

 

II.2.1      A portion of the Kathleen Gormley McKay Collection is normally on display in the Orientation Gallery and is represented in that portion of Gallery featuring Selections from the Permanent Collection. 

 

II.2.2      The Orientation Gallery articulates Varley’s significance as a member of the Group of Seven and as a cultural icon in Canadian art history as well as establishes his relationship with Kathleen McKay and Unionville.

 

 

II.2.3      Selections from the Permanent Collection strive to display works of high quality and art historical significance on a rotating basis as the scope of the collection permits (including selections based on themes, media, artists, etc.)

 

II.2.4      New acquisitions are featured in a section of the Gallery dedicated to Recent Acquisitions.

 


 

II.3         TEMPORARY EXHIBITIONS

Temporary exhibitions are an important aspect of the Gallery and Art Centre displays.  A provision for payment of Canadian Artists Representation (CARFAC) fees, the necessary compensation for artists, is included in the temporary exhibition budget.  Exhibition subject matter both historical and international in scope is drawn from local, national and international sources and includes:

 

·        at least one exhibition per year related to F.H. Varley

·        an annual juried exhibition featuring the work of York Region artists

·        exhibitions that have reference to Ontario outside Markham

·        exhibitions that have reference to Canada outside Ontario

·        exhibitions drawn from the permanent collection

·        group exhibitions featuring the work of several individual artists or art societies

·        solo exhibitions focusing on the work of individual artists

 

 

II.4      SOLO EXHIBITIONS

 

Exhibitions by individual artists are considered on the basis of the proposal meeting at least one of the following criteria:

 

·        The artist has links to the art of F.H. Varley, artists who influenced Varley or were influenced by him.

·        The artist is Canadian or has strong ties to Canada.

·        The artist has a proven exhibition record in other public art institutions and/or  is represented in their collections and/or is highly recommended by another public gallery.

·        There is a relevant educational or cultural thesis that can be adequately interpreted.

 

 

II.5         INTERPRETATION

 

II.5.1      Visual access is supported by accurate and authentic interpretation, so that intellectual access is also provided.

 

II.5.2      Visitors are offered the opportunity to appreciate and understand exhibitions through a range of modes, including:

·        contemplation - visual access to works

·        comprehension and discovery - educational or thematic exhibitions accompanied by the opportunity to study at close hand and pursue further research into artistic developments within an art historical context

·        Experience - through hands-on learning provided through creative studio activities

              

II.5.3      Methods of interpretation may include:

 

·        photographs

·        labels

·        spoken (docent-guided), recorded (audio) and printed guides to displays

·        publications

·        on-going video presentations and films

·        artist demonstrations

·        living history presentations